澳大利亚法律大事记（2024年1月-3月）
2024年1月
2024年1月12日
Proposed reform to superannuation death benefits
The Law Council of Australia provided a submission to the Treasurer to recommend reform to the superannuation death benefit framework in the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 (Cth) (SIS Act) and Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Regulations 1994 (Cth) (SIS Regs).
The Law Council recommends a proposal set out in the submission. The proposal is to simplify and improve the framework by amending the SIS Act to require that all superannuation death benefits form part of the estate of deceased person, except where that person has made a binding death benefit nomination.
In the Law Council’s view, the proposal would:
provide greater certainty and autonomy for all members of superannuation funds in their succession planning;
be consistent with key rule of law principles, by:
providing a clear, consistent and tatutorily authorised means to distribute superannuation death benefits;
determining disputes about distribution through judicial processes, applying settled principles; and
significantly reduce delays in the provision of superannuation death benefits. Proposed reform to superannuation death benefits.
At the very least, the Law Council recommends that the Commonwealth Government give effect to the recommendation made by the Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC) in its 2017 Report, Elder Abuse—A National Legal Response, that the structure and drafting of the provisions relating to death benefit nominations in the SIS Act and SIS Regs be reviewed.
退休金死亡抚恤金拟议改革
澳大利亚法律委员会向财政部长提交了一份意见书，建议改革《1993年退休金行业（监督）法》（联邦）（《SIS法》）和《1994年退休金行业（监督）条例》（联邦）（SIS Regs）。
法律委员会在建议意见书中提出建议。该提案旨在通过修订《SIS法案》来简化和改进该框架，要求所有退休金死亡抚恤金构成死者遗产结构的一部分，除非该人已提出具有约束力的死亡抚恤金提名。
法律委员会认为，该建议将：
至少，法律委员会建议联邦政府落实澳大利亚法律改革委员会（ALRC）在其2017年报告《虐待老人——国家法律回应》中提出的建议，即审查《SIS法案》和《SIS条例》中有关死亡抚恤金提名的条款的结构和起草。
来源: 2024 National Pro Bono Target Review: Consultation Paper - Law Council of Australia
2024年1月19日
The role of courts in shaping legal transformation
Speech delivered by Mr Greg McIntyre SC, Law Council of Australia President, at the Fiji Law Society Convention 2024, 19 January 2024, Fiji.
"I acknowledge the distinguished guests who have been referred to, the Acting Chief Justice, the Attorney-General, the Solicitor-General and the President of the Fiji Law Association.
The role of the Courts in shaping legal transformation is a topic close to my heart, having devoted most of my years in legal practice to the areas of Native Title, Aboriginal heritage protection, environmental law and racial discrimination.
In this presentation I will share with you a series of landmark Australian cases – some historic cases on the rights of First Nations Australians (a number of which I was personally involved in); as well as more recent cases relating to climate change which continue to test legal boundaries."
法院在影响法律变革中的作用
2024年1月19日，澳大利亚法律委员会主席Greg McIntyre SC先生在斐济举行的2024年斐济法律协会大会上发表的讲话。
“我感谢被提及的尊敬的客人，代理首席法官、总检察长、副检察长和斐济法律协会主席。
法院影响法律变革中的作用是我最关心的话题，我从事法律实践的大部分时间都致力于土著权利、土著遗产保护、环境法和种族歧视等领域。
在本次演讲中，我将与大家分享一系列具有里程碑意义的澳大利亚案例——一些关于澳大利亚原住民权利的具有历史意义的案例（其中一些是我亲自参与的）;以及最近与气候变化有关的案件，这些案件继续考验着法律界限。”
来源: The role of courts in shaping legal transformation - Law Council of Australia
2024年1月23日
Justice System’s Response to Sexual Violence Inquiry Begins
The Australian Law Reform (ALRC) has begun its inquiry into the justice system’s response to sexual violence.
Attorney-General, the Honourable Mark Dreyfus KC MP, has referred the inquiry to the ALRC with the aim of strengthening and harmonising sexual assault and consent laws.
The referral asks the ALRC to promote and consider just outcomes for people who have experienced sexual violence, including minimising re-traumatisation.
The inquiry’s terms of reference require the ALRC to examine a range of issues including:
Laws and frameworks about evidence, court procedures/processes and jury directions.
Laws about consent.
Policies, practices, decision-making, and oversight and accountability mechanisms for police and prosecutors.
Training and professional development for judges, police, and legal practitioners to enable trauma-informed and culturally safe justice responses.
Support and services available to people who have experienced sexual violence, from the period prior to reporting to the period after the conclusion of formal justice system processes.
Alternatives to criminal rosecution, including restorative justice, civil claims, compensation schemes, and specialist court approaches.
The ALRC will take a take a trauma-informed, holistic, whole-of-systems, and transformative approach to its inquiry, whilst considering matters raised for reform and detailed in prior reports and inquiries.
The inquiry will consult with relevant stakeholders across Australia, including but not limited to:
people who have experienced sexual violence.
people and organisations representing population cohorts that are overrepresented in sexual violence statistics.
state and territory government and law enforcement agencies.
policy and research organisations.
community service providers; and
the legal profession including prosecution and defence lawyers.
The ALRC has been asked to provide its final report to the Attorney-General by 22 January 2025.
司法系统对性暴力调查的回应开始
澳大利亚法律改革（ALRC）已经就司法系统对性暴力的反应开始调查。
总检察长马克·德雷福斯（Mark Dreyfus KC）议员阁下已将调查提交给ALRC，目的是加强和协调性侵犯和同意法。
该移交要求ALRC推动和考虑遭受性暴力的人的公正结果，其中包括尽量减少受害者再次创伤。
调查的职权范围要求ALRC审查一系列问题，包括：
有关证据、法庭程序/程序和陪审团指示的法律和框架。
关于同意的法律。
警察和检察官的政策、做法、决策以及监督和问责机制。
为法官、警察和法律从业人员提供培训和专业发展，以实现创伤知情和文化安全的司法反应。
为遭受性暴力的人提供的支持和服务，从报告前的时期到正式司法系统程序结束后的时期。
刑事起诉的替代方案，包括恢复性司法、民事索赔、赔偿计划和专业法院方法。
ALRC 将采取创伤知情、整体、全系统和变革性的调查方法，同时考虑提出的改革事项，并在先前的报告和调查中详细说明。
该调查将与澳大利亚各地的相关利益相关者进行磋商，包括但不限于：
ALRC被要求在2025年1月22日之前向总检察长提交最终报告。
来源: Justice System’s Response to Sexual Violence Inquiry Begins | ALRC
2024年1月31日
Establishing effective mechanisms at the national and regional levels for implementation of United Nations Declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples
The Law Council of Australia thanks the Expert Mechanism for the opportunity to provide input into the Study concerning States’ measures to achieve the ends of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). The Law Council acknowledges the support of its Indigenous Legal Issues Committee in the preparation of this submission.
The Law Council considers domestic implementation of the UNDRIP as foundational to addressing the inequality faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples across Australia, including within the justice system.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have been subject to dispossession, discrimination, and significant breaches of human rights across multiple areas, historically and in contemporary Australia—not least in the protection of cultural heritage, the treatment of persons in contact with the criminal justice and child protection systems, and compulsory management of social security income.
These practices and impacts continue in the present day, including through the policies of governments and public institutions, extending cycles of intergenerational trauma, disrespect, and injustice, and contributing to broader political, economic, social, and cultural disadvantage and barriers to wellbeing and improved life expectancy.
The need for systemic reform is critical and urgent. There is a need for a national shift in perspective that will require national leadership. The UNDRIP provides a principled framework for respecting, protecting, and fulfilling the individual and collective rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and pursuing their full participation and empowerment across the political, economic, social, and cultural apparatus of the State.
在国家和区域两级建立执行《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的有效机制
澳大利亚法律理事会感谢专家机制提供了这样的一个机会：为各州为实现《联合国土著人民权利宣言》（UNDRIP）目标而采取的措施的研究提供技术投入。法律委员会感谢其土著法律问题委员会在编写本呈件时给予的支持。
法律委员会认为，《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的国内实施是解决包括在司法系统内澳大利亚各地土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民面临的不平等问题的基础。
在历史时期以及现在，澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民在多个领域遭受着剥夺、歧视和严重侵犯人权的不平等对待——尤其是在文化遗产保护、与刑事司法和儿童保护系统接触的人的待遇以及社会保障收入的强制性管理方面。
包括通过政府和公共机构的所实施的政策在内，这些做法和影响一直延续至今，其后果是延长了代际创伤、不尊重和不公正的循环，并导致了更广泛的政治、经济、社会和文化劣势，不利于增进福祉和提高预期寿命。
系统性改革的必要性是关键和紧迫的。这需要国家转变观点，而这种观点的转变需要国家的决策层的支持。《联合国土著人民权利宣言》提供了一个原则性框架为了尊重、保护和实现土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民的个人和集体权利以及致力于使他们能充分参与国家政治、经济、社会和文化组织活动并为他们在这些活动中赋权。
2024年2月
2024年2月9日
Evidence does not support wholesale changes to merger regime
The Law Council of Australia has challenged the contention that mergers always lead to an increase in prices and a reduction in productivity and that therefore radical reform of Australia’s merger regime is urgently needed.
“The Competition Review Taskforce has undertaken consultation on Australia’s merger review processes,” Law Council of Australia President, Mr Greg McIntyre SC said.
“The Law Council, through its Business Law Section, has made two submissions to this review. In its main submission, it recommended that while improvements to the merger regime can and should be made, the current model has proven over several decades to largely strike the right balance.
“This week it made a supplementary submission in response to late input to the review provided by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), which reiterated calls for significant reforms which in the Law Council’s view are not supported by robust evidence.
“The Law Council, led by its Business Law Section, is concerned that taken as a package, the ACCC’s proposals are unbalanced and would have a chilling effect on investment in Australia and increase the regulatory burden and transaction costs for deals that are productivity-enhancing.
“The result of the ACCC’s proposals would be to remove the checks and balances that currently underpin our merger regime. Over time, this lower, subjective threshold and lack of oversight could erode the quality and rigour of merger decision making by the ACCC.
“The submissions made by the Law Council’s Business Law Section provide a detailed review of the evidence. They conclude that the case has not been made for these changes. It is essential that careful consideration is given to the views of all stakeholders before further proceeding”.
证据不支持对合并制度进行大规模改变
澳大利亚法律委员会对合并总是导致价格上涨和生产率下降的论点提出质疑，因此澳大利亚的合并制度的彻底改革是当务之急。
“竞争审查工作组已经就澳大利亚的合并审查程序进行了咨询，”澳大利亚法律委员会主席Greg McIntyre SC先生说。
“法律委员会通过其商法组向本次审查提交了两份意见书。并且它在主要意见书中提出，虽然合并制度需要改进的要求是合情合理的，但是当前的模式在这几十年中的实践中已被证实在很大程度上取得适中的平衡。
“本周，它提交了一份补充意见以回应澳大利亚竞争和消费者委员会（ACCC）提供的审查意见，该委员会重申了对重大改革的呼吁，法律委员会认为这些改革没有强有力的证据支持。
“由其商法部门领导的法律委员会担心，ACCC的提案作为一个整体是不平衡的，将对在澳大利亚的投资产生寒蝉效应，并增加监管负担和交易成本。
“ACCC提案将导致目前支撑我们合并制度的制衡机制的移除。长此以往，这种较低的主观门槛和缺乏监督可能会削弱ACCC合并决策的质量和严谨性。
“法律委员会商法科提交的意见书对证据进行了详细审查。他们得出的结论是，这些改变的必要性尚未得到充分证明。在进一步采取行动之前，认真考虑所有利益攸关方的意见尤为重要。”
来源: Evidence does not support wholesale changes to merger regime - Law Council of Australia
2024年2月27日
New methods of completing a Commonwealth statutory declaration
Since 2021, the Law Council and its Modernising Document Execution Working Group have been contributing to reform measures in relation to the modernisation of document execution. A key focus has been the permanent retention of temporary measures developed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the implementation of measures contained in the Australian Government’s deregulation agenda. At all times, the Law Council has adopted an approach towards modernised document execution which accommodates the needs and limitations of parties, while minimising opportunities for fraud and abuse in the utilisation of new technologies.
The most recent contribution has been the Law Council’s submission to the Statutory Declarations Amendment Bill 2023, in which conditional support was provided for reforms to the Statutory Declarations Act 1959 (Cth), to enable the electronic execution of Commonwealth statutory declarations. These measures passed the Parliament in late 2023 and have since been implemented. Further details on the new options for executing a Commonwealth statutory declaration available on the Attorney-General’s website.
We thank the Modernising Document Execution Working Group, led by John Keeves from the Law Council’s Business Law Section, for their work on what has been a significant reform package over the past several years. The Law Council will continue to monitor implementation of the reforms in the coming months.
完成联邦法定声明的新方法
自2021年起，法律委员会及其文件执行现代化工作小组一直致力于推动与文件执行现代化有关的改革措施。一个关键的重点是永久保留在COVID-19疫情期间制定的临时措施，以及澳大利亚政府放松管制议程中包含的实施措施。一直以来，法律委员会都采用现代化的文件执行方式，以适应当事人的需要和限制，同时尽量减少在利用新技术时出现欺诈和滥用的机会。
最近的贡献是法律委员会向《2023年法定声明修订法案》提交的文件，其中为《1959年法定声明法》（联邦）的改革提供了有条件的支持，以使联邦法定声明能够以电子方式执行。这些措施于 2023 年底在议会获得通过，此后一直实施。有关执行联邦法定声明的新选项的更多详细信息，请访问总检察长网站。
我们感谢由法律委员会商法科的约翰·基夫斯（John Keeves）领导的现代化文件执行工作组，感谢他们在过去几年中为一项重要的改革方案所做的工作。法律委员会会在未来数月继续监察改革的实施情况。
来源: New methods of completing a Commonwealth statutory declaration - Law Council of Australia
2024年2月27日
Modern Slavery Amendment (Australian Anti-Slavery Commissioner) Bill 2023
The Law Council made a submission on 9 February 2024 to the Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee in response to its inquiry into the Modern Slavery Amendment (Australian Anti-Slavery Commissioner) Bill 2023.
The Law Council has expressed strong support for the establishment of an Anti-Slavery Commissioner since 2016, recognizing it as a pivotal development in effectively addressing and countering modern slavery across the country. In its submission, the Law Council expressed support for the Bill and suggested the following improvements to the Bill:
Adding the review of Modern Slavery Statements to the Commissioner’s functions.
Strengthening the wording to better align with the UN Guiding Principles.
Clarifying of the scope of international instruments to which the Commissioner is to have regard.
Ensuring that the Commissioner has adequate independence, including full discretion over the office’s strategic plan.
Ensuring that the qualifications, knowledge, and experience requirements for the role are strong.
Amending proposed section 20Y to enable the Commissioner to report on non-compliance with reasonable requests for information.
The Law Council also recommended that the Australian Government expand legal assistance services for victims of modern slavery and trafficking, as this is a vital complementary measure to combat modern slavery.
The Law Council made all of these points at a hearing before the Committee on 19 February 2024, at which it was represented by Business and Human Rights Committee Chair Greg Vickery AO and member Sunil Rao.
The Law Council is grateful to its Business and Human Rights Committee, National Human Rights Committee and Constituent Bodies for the input they each provided to its submissions on this Bill.
2023年现代奴隶制修正案（澳大利亚反奴隶制专员）法案》
法律委员会于2024年2月9日向参议院法律和宪法事务立法委员会提交了一份意见书，以回应其对《2023年现代奴隶制修正案（澳大利亚反奴隶制专员）法案》的调查。
自 2016 年以来，法律委员会对设立反奴隶制专员一直表示的强烈支持，认为这是在全国范围内有效解决和打击现代奴隶制的关键发展的一步。法律委员会在意见书中表示支持《条例草案》，并建议对《条例草案》作出以下改进：
法律委员会还建议澳大利亚政府扩大对现代奴隶制和贩运受害者的法律援助服务，因为这是打击现代奴隶制的一项重要补充措施。
法律委员会在2024年2月19日的委员会听证会上提出了所有这些观点，商业和人权委员会主席Greg Vickery AO和成员Sunil Rao代表出席了听证会。
法律委员会感谢其商业和人权事务委员会、国家人权事务委员会和组成机构各自就该法案提交的意见提供的意见。
来源：Modern Slavery Amendment (Australian Anti-Slavery Commissioner) Bill 2023 - Law Council of Australia
2024年2月28日
Bilateral Meetings with International Counterparts
In February, Law Council President, Mr Greg McIntyre SC, attended two virtual bilateral meetings with international counterparts.
On 15 February 2024, the President met virtually with the President of the Malaysian Bar, Ms Karen Cheah Yee Lynn. President McIntyre and President Cheah discussed the priorities of the Law Council and the Malaysian Bar for the year ahead and common issues including encroachments on client legal privilege and support for the legal assistance sector.
President Cheah concludes her term later this month, however President McIntyre will have the opportunity to meet with her and the incoming President of the Malaysian Bar later this year at the President of Law Associations in Asia (POLA) Summit in Hong Kong in June and the LAWASIA Annual Conference to be held in Kuala Lumpur in October.
On 26 February 2024, the President and Chief Executive Officer, Dr James Popple met virtually with President Lisa Sam and the senior leadership of the Law Society of Singapore. The Law Council and the Law Society of Singapore discussed how the both organisations could collaborate and share their experiences in responding to generative AI, anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing regimes and the transition towards cashless economies. President McIntyre outlined recent submissions which the Law Council had made in each of these areas.
The Law Society of Singapore also shared findings from the Interim Report of its Ethics and Professional Standards Committee published in December 2023. The findings of the report were accepted by the Chief Justice of Singapore during the country’s Opening of the Legal Year 2024.
President McIntyre will meet in person with the Law Society of Singapore later this year during the POLA Summit and LAWASIA Annual Conference, and will look to sign an updated Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with President Sam – the previous MoU between the two bodies having been signed in 1996.
与国际对口部门的双边会议
2月，法律委员会主席Greg McIntyre SC先生出席了与国际同行的两次线上双边会议。
2024 年 2 月 15 日，主席与马来西亚律师公会会长 Karen Cheah Yee Lynn 女士进行了线上会面。麦金太尔会长和谢会长讨论了法律委员会和马来西亚律师公会未来一年的优先事项，以及包括侵犯客户的法律特权问题和对法律援助部门的支持问题在内的共同问题。
谢会长将于本月晚些时候结束任期，但麦金太尔会长将有机会在今年晚些时候于6月在香港举行的亚洲律师协会会长（POLA）峰会和10月在吉隆坡举行的LAWASIA年会上与她和即将上任的马来西亚律师公会会长会面。
2024 年 2 月 26 日，新加坡律师协会会长兼首席执行官 James Popple 博士与新加坡律师会会长 Lisa Sam 和高级领导层进行了线上会晤。法律委员会和新加坡律师公会讨论了两个组织如何合作并分享他们在应对生成式人工智能、反洗钱和反恐融资制度以及向无现金经济过渡方面的经验。麦金太尔庭长概述了法律委员会最近在这些领域中提出的每一个意见。
新加坡律师会还分享了其道德与专业标准委员会于 2023 年 12 月发布的中期报告的调查结果。新加坡首席大法官在该国 2024 年法律年度开幕期间认可了该报告的调查结果。
麦金太尔总统将在今年晚些时候的POLA峰会和LAWASIA年会期间亲自会见新加坡律师会，并将寻求与山姆总统签署一份更新的谅解备忘录（MoU），先前谅解备忘录是两个机构于在1996年签署。
2024年3月
2024年3月4日
2024 National Pro Bono Target Review: Consultation Paper
The Law Council of Australia responded to the Australian Pro Bono Centre in relation to its December 2023 Consultation Paper, 2024 National Pro Bono Target Review.
As the Law Council remarked in its 2018 Final Report of the Justice Project, the pro bono contribution of the Australian legal profession is a substantial — and celebrated — aspect of Australia’s legal culture. Australian lawyers provide hundreds of thousands of pro bono work hours every year to those who are otherwise unable to access legal services. The Law Council was particularly pleased to note that, in the 2022–23 financial year, signatories to the Target reported undertaking 700,910 hours of ‘pro bono legal services’, an increase of 8.6 per cent on the previous financial year.
The Law Council recognises that there are ongoing challenges with meeting demand for individuals and organisations that require pro bono legal support, noting in particular that disadvantaged individuals often have complex legal needs, and face multiple barriers to accessing justice, particularly in regional, rural and remote (RRR) areas. Traditionally, there has been high demand for pro bono services for matters involving family law, immigration, employment, housing and criminal law.
In addition, the legal profession is increasingly engaging in pro bono work with a new strategic focus by identifying priority groups—and priority areas of law—for pro bono assistance. It has been a tumultuous several years for Australia, including extreme weather events, the COVID-19 pandemic, and an uncertain economy. As a result, new cohorts have emerged who are struggling to access legal services: for example, farmers affected by droughts and floods, and small businesses impacted by emergency public health measures or natural disasters. These groups require assistance in different areas of law, such as business law, taxation and insurance.
2024年国家公益目标审查：咨询文件
澳大利亚法律委员会就澳大利亚公益中心2023年12月的咨询文件《2024年国家公益目标审查》回应了澳大利亚公益中心。
正如法律委员会在其2018年司法项目最终报告中所指出的那样，澳大利亚法律界的无偿贡献行为是澳大利亚法律文化的一个重要且值得称道的方面。澳大利亚律师每年为那些无法获得法律服务的人提供数十万小时的无偿工作。法律委员会注意到在2022-23财政年度，目标的签署人报告进行了700,910小时的“无偿法律服务”，较上一财政年度增加8.6%，结果令人尤其满意。
法律委员会认识到，在满足需要无偿法律支持的个人和组织的需求方面存在着许多持续性的挑战，其特别指出，弱势个体（特别是处于区域、农村和偏远地区）往往有着复杂的法律需求，并且在诉诸司法方面面临多重障碍。按照传统而言，人们对涉及家庭法、移民、就业、住房和刑法的公益服务的需求很高。
此外，法律界中越来越多的人参与公益工作，他们通过确定优先群体和判断优先帮助的法律领域这种新的战略重心为需要的人提供无偿援助。过去几年时期，澳大利亚风雨飘摇。其中动荡因素包括极端的天气事件、COVID-19 疫情和不明朗的经济。因此，出现了需要但很难去获得法律服务的新群体：例如，受干旱和洪水影响的农民，以及受紧急公共卫生措施或自然灾害影响的小企业。这些群体需要不同法律领域如商业法、税收和保险的援助。
2024年3月13日
Australia-United Kingdom Legal Services Regulatory Dialogue
On 5-6 March 2024, President Greg McIntyre SC represented the Law Council of Australia in the inaugural plenary meetings of the Australia-UK Legal Services Regulatory Dialogue (the Dialogue). The Dialogue is a mechanism established under the Australia-UK Free Trade Agreement through which representatives of the legal sectors of Australia and the UK can come together to consider regulatory issues relevant to trade in legal services.
President McIntyre was joined by the Hon. Arthur Emmett AO KC, Chair of the Law Admissions Consultative Committee and the Legal Services Council Admissions Committee, Ms Heather Moore, Legal Services Council CEO and Commissioner for Legal Services Regulation, as well as representatives from the Law Society of England and Wales, the Solicitors Regulation Authority, the General Council of the Bar of England and Wales, the Bar Standards Board, the Law Society of Scotland, the Faculty of Advocates, the Law Society of Northern Ireland and the General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland.
澳大利亚-英国法律服务监管对话
2024 年 3 月 5 日至 6 日，澳大利亚法律委员会会长格雷格麦金泰尔代表澳大利亚法律委员会出席了澳大利亚-英国法律服务监管对话（对话）的首次全体会议。此次对话会议是根据《澳大利亚-英国自由贸易协定》建立的机制，通过该机制，澳大利亚和英国法律界的代表可以聚集在一起，审议与法律服务贸易有关的监管问题。
麦金泰尔会长（President McIntyre）与法律准入咨询委员会（Law Admissions Consultative Committee）和法律服务委员会准入委员会（Legal Services Council Admissions Committee）的会长，荣誉成员亚瑟·埃门特爵士（the Hon. Arthur Emmett AO KC），法律服务委员会（Legal Services Council）的首席执行官（CEO）兼法律服务监管专员（Commissioner for Legal Services Regulation）希瑟·摩尔女士（Ms Heather Moore）以及来自以下机构的代表共同出席：
英格兰及威尔士律师协会（the Law Society of England and Wales）
律师监管局（Solicitors Regulation Authority）
英格兰和威尔士大律师公会（the General Council of the Bar of England and Wales）
律师标准委员会（Bar Standards Board）
苏格兰律师协会（the Law Society of Scotland）
苏格兰上庭律师公会（the Faculty of Advocates）
北爱尔兰律师协会（the Law Society of Northern Ireland）
北爱尔兰大律师公会（the General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland）。
来源: Australia-United Kingdom Legal Services Regulatory Dialogue - Law Council of Australia
整理人：23级国别与区域研究生 熊醒握
